Discovering unexpected bumps on your child’s scalp can be alarming. These small lesions may seem minor but can leave you wondering whether they’re a harmless reaction or the sign of something more serious. If your pediatrician appointment is still days away, it’s important to know how to care for your child in the meantime.
Understanding the Child’s Scalp and Why Bumps Appear
Children’s scalps are more sensitive and reactive due to higher follicular density, increased sweat gland activity, and more frequent exposure to bacteria and allergens. These conditions make the pediatric scalp particularly vulnerable to inflammation, irritation, and infections.
Common Causes of Scalp Bumps in Children
1. Folliculitis
This is an infection or inflammation of hair follicles. In kids, it often develops due to sweating, friction from hats, or sharing hair accessories. It appears as small, red or white bumps, sometimes filled with pus.
2. Sebaceous (Epidermoid) Cysts
These are slow-growing, noncancerous lumps beneath the skin caused by blocked hair follicles or oil glands. While usually painless, they can become infected.
3. Boils (Furuncles)
Boils are deeper bacterial infections that form pus-filled, painful nodules. They typically result from Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and may require antibiotics or drainage.
4. Contact Dermatitis
This occurs when the scalp reacts to a substance like shampoo, soap, or even sweat. It presents as red, itchy, bumpy skin, sometimes with flaking or weeping.
5. Insect Bites
Bug bites—especially from mosquitoes or fleas—can cause red, itchy bumps on the scalp. These can become infected if scratched.
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